GLOSSARIO · IT–ZH

IT–ZH glossary

Grouped into exam & documents, signs & markings, rules & behaviour, and vehicle & parts. Each entry keeps the Italian term, a Chinese equivalent and a one-sentence explanation; tricky terms include an example. Terminology is the basis for reading questions, not an official question bank.

158 entries · Italian + Chinese + a one-sentence note

Exam & documents（28）

patente BB 类驾照: Licence for cars up to 3.5 t and up to 9 seats.
patente驾照: The legal licence to drive; categories match vehicle types.
foglio rosa学车许可（粉红纸）: Learner permit issued after the theory exam, valid 12 months.
I have had the learner permit for a month, so I can book the practical test.
motorizzazione civile机动车管理局: The public office handling driving tests, licences and vehicle registration.
autoscuola驾校: A driving school offering theory lessons, practice and exam paperwork.
privatista自学者: A candidate who registers directly, without a driving school.
esame di teoria理论考试: Computer-based test: 30 true/false questions, 20 minutes, at most 3 errors.
esame di pratica路考: Practical test in three phases: preparation, manoeuvres and driving in traffic.
quiz试题/题库: The set of true/false questions; this site does not provide the official bank.
domanda题目: One exam question, usually a single Italian statement.
risposta答案: The answer; the theory test only allows V (true) and F (false).
vero对（V）: True in a true/false question, shown as V.
falso错（F）: False in a true/false question, shown as F.
errore错误: A wrong or missing answer; the fourth error fails the theory test.
promosso通过: Passed the exam and may move to the next stage.
bocciato未通过: Failed the exam and must retake it under the rules.
prenotazione预约: Booking a time for the medical check, theory or practical test.
verbale考试记录: The official record of the exam and its result.
certificato medico医疗证明: Medical fitness certificate from an authorised doctor, usually valid 3 months.
visita medica体检: Physical and eyesight check by an authorised doctor before registration.
permesso di soggiorno居留许可: Residence permit usually required for non-EU candidates at registration and collection.
carta d'identità身份证: The common Italian identity document.
codice fiscale税号: Italian tax identification number, needed for registration and the licence.
residenza户籍/常住地: Registration requires residence or “normal residence” in Italy.
foto tessera证件照: Recent, white-background, bare-headed photo on non-thermal paper.
marca da bollo印花税票: Revenue stamp affixed to medical certificates and similar documents.
bollettino缴费单: Payment slip for fees via PagoPA or a bank.
diritti规费: Fees paid to the Motorizzazione for the exam and licence.

Traffic rules & behaviour（39）

codice della strada道路交通法: The Italian law governing road use and penalties.
precedenza优先权: The rule-based allocation of who goes first.
precedenza a destra右方来车优先: At unsigned, unsignalised junctions, generally give way to the right.
svolta a destra右转: Turn right; watch pedestrians and cyclists.
svolta a sinistra左转: Turn left; usually yield to oncoming traffic going straight.
inversione di marcia掉头: U-turn; prohibited where signs forbid it.
manovra操作/动作: A driving manoeuvre such as turning, reversing or parking.
distanza di sicurezza安全距离: The gap needed to stop safely behind the vehicle ahead.
spazio di frenata刹车距离: Distance from braking to a stop; grows with the square of speed.
tempo di reazione反应时间: Time from seeing a hazard to braking, usually about one second.
velocità速度: Speed; must suit road, weather and traffic.
limiti di velocità限速（复数）: Legal maximum speeds for different road types.
corsia di sorpasso超车道: Left lane for overtaking; return right afterwards.
immissione汇入: Entering the main road from a slip road or side road.
uscita出口: An exit from a main road or motorway.
precedenza ai pedoni行人优先: Pedestrians have priority at crossings and similar places.
rallentare减速: Slow down, usually near hazards or junctions.
fermarsi停下: Bring the vehicle to a complete stop.
incrocio a TT 形路口: A T-shaped junction where one road ends on another.
incrocio a X十字路口: Two roads crossing in an X shape.
semaforo lampeggiante闪烁黄灯: Flashing amber: proceed with caution, often a fault or special period.
agente del traffico交通警察: Traffic officer whose signals override lights.
polizia stradale公路警察: The traffic police force.
carabinieri宪兵: Italian Carabinieri, also involved in traffic incidents and enforcement.
incidente事故: A road event causing injury or damage.
tamponamento追尾: A rear-end collision.
constatazione amichevole友好事故认定书: The standard joint accident report used for insurance claims.
primo soccorso急救: Initial help to injured people after an accident.
triangolo di emergenza三角警示牌: Reflective triangle placed behind a broken-down or crashed vehicle.
giubbotto retroriflettente反光背心: High-visibility vest to wear when outside the vehicle on the road.
numero unico di emergenza 112欧洲紧急电话 112: The EU emergency number for police, ambulance and fire services.
tasso alcolemico血液酒精浓度: Blood alcohol concentration; stricter limits for novice and professional drivers.
stanchezza疲劳: Fatigue lengthens reaction time; rest before driving.
distrazione分心: Phone use and fiddling with devices greatly increase crash risk.
cellulare手机: Do not hold a phone while driving, including at red lights.
cintura di sicurezza安全带: Driver and passengers must wear seat belts.
seggiolino per bambini儿童座椅: Children must use a seat suited to their height and weight.
casco头盔: Helmet required for motorcycle and moped riders.
alcol酒精: Alcohol impairs judgement and reaction; do not drink before driving.

Signs & markings（50）

segnale stradale交通标志: A sign conveying danger, prohibition, obligation or direction.
segnale di pericolo警告标志: Usually a red-bordered triangle warning of danger ahead.
segnale di divieto禁令标志: Usually a red-bordered circle prohibiting an action.
segnale di obbligo指示标志: Usually a blue circle prescribing what must be done.
segnale di precedenza优先权标志: Indicates give way or right of way.
segnaletica orizzontale地面标线: Lines, arrows and words painted on the road.
segnaletica verticale立柱标志: Signs mounted at the roadside or overhead.
semaforo红绿灯: Traffic lights allocating the right of way.
luce verde绿灯: Go, but still check that the junction is clear.
luce gialla黄灯: Stop in principle unless too close to stop safely.
luce rossa红灯: You must stop and not cross the stop line.
stop停车让行: Octagonal sign: stop completely, then give way.
At a STOP sign you must stop even if nobody is coming.
dare precedenza让行: Inverted triangle: slow down and let priority traffic/pedestrians pass.
diritto di precedenza优先通行权: You go first under the rules; it does not authorise speeding.
incrocio路口: Where two or more roads meet.
rotatoria环岛: Roundabout; generally give way to vehicles already inside.
svincolo匝道/立交出口: A slip road connecting to a motorway or dual carriageway.
autostrada高速公路: Controlled-access motorway, generally 130 km/h.
superstrada快速路: Main extra-urban dual carriageway, generally 110 km/h.
strada extraurbana城郊道路: Road outside built-up areas; ordinary limit generally 90 km/h.
centro abitato城镇建成区: Built-up area marked by the “centro abitato” sign, usually 50 km/h.
zona 3030 公里限速区: A designated 30 km/h zone in urban areas.
limite di velocità限速: The maximum permitted speed on that stretch.
divieto di sorpasso禁止超车: Overtaking moving vehicles is prohibited on that stretch.
sorpasso超车: Overtaking a moving vehicle; different from passing an obstacle.
divieto di sosta禁止停车: No parking, but a brief stop is usually allowed.
divieto di fermata禁止停留: No stopping at all; stricter than “no parking”.
sosta停放: Parking the vehicle for longer; opposed to fermata.
Parking is prohibited from 8:00 to 20:00.
fermata短暂停留: A brief stop to drop off/pick up or for a short need.
The bus stop is marked by the yellow line.
parcheggio停车场/泊车: A parking area, or the act of parking.
strisce pedonali斑马线: White stripes for pedestrians; vehicles must give way.
attraversamento pedonale人行横道: A designated place for pedestrians to cross.
passaggio a livello铁路道口: Where a railway crosses the road; watch barriers and signals.
senso unico单行道: A road allowing traffic in one direction only.
doppio senso双向行驶: A road with traffic in both directions.
corsia车道: A longitudinal lane for one line of vehicles.
corsia di emergenza应急车道: For emergencies only; not for normal driving or overtaking.
carreggiata车行道: The part of the road for vehicles, excluding pavements.
marciapiede人行道: The raised part of the road for pedestrians.
banchina路肩: The shoulder at the edge of the carriageway.
curva pericolosa危险弯道: A bend with limited visibility or tight radius; slow down.
dosso路面凸起: A hump in the road affecting visibility and stability.
cunetta路面凹陷: A dip in the road that may collect water.
strettoia道路变窄: The carriageway narrows ahead.
lavori in corso施工中: Roadworks; slow down and follow temporary signs.
direzione obbligatoria强制方向: You must follow the arrow direction.
senso vietato禁止驶入: Red circle with white bar: no entry from that direction.
divieto di transito禁止通行: No vehicles may pass.
area pedonale步行区: Pedestrian-priority area; vehicle access is usually restricted.
zona a traffico limitato限行区（ZTL）: Limited-traffic zone (ZTL) open only to authorised vehicles.
Entering a ZTL without a permit leads to a fine.

Vehicle & parts（41）

automobile汽车: A four-wheeled motor car.
veicolo车辆: Any vehicle used on the road.
motore发动机: Converts fuel or electricity into motion.
frizione离合器: Manual-gearbox pedal connecting or disconnecting engine and gearbox.
cambio变速箱/挡位: Changes gear ratios to match speed and power.
cambio manuale手动挡: A gearbox shifted manually with a clutch.
cambio automatico自动挡: Automatic gearbox; testing with it adds code 78.
freno刹车: The device that slows or stops the vehicle.
freno a mano手刹: Parking brake used when stopped.
acceleratore油门: Pedal controlling engine power.
sterzo转向系统: The system that steers the vehicle.
volante方向盘: The wheel the driver turns to steer.
pneumatico轮胎: Rubber tyre contacting the road; pressure and tread matter for safety.
cerchione轮毂: The metal wheel rim supporting the tyre.
battistrada胎面: The tread contacting the road; excessive wear causes slipping.
pressione degli pneumatici胎压: Tyre pressure; check regularly against the manufacturer's value.
ammortizzatore减震器: Absorbs bumps and keeps the wheels on the road.
sospensioni悬挂: The system linking body and wheels, affecting comfort and handling.
batteria电瓶: Stores electrical energy for starting and power.
alternatore发电机: Charges the battery while the engine runs.
radiatore散热器: Cools the engine coolant.
olio motore机油: Lubricates the engine and reduces wear.
liquido dei freni刹车油: Hydraulic fluid transmitting braking pressure.
liquido di raffreddamento冷却液: Fluid preventing engine overheating.
tergicristallo雨刷: Clears rain from the windscreen.
lavavetri玻璃水: Windscreen washer fluid.
fanale大灯: The front light unit of the vehicle.
anabbagliante近光灯: Dipped headlight used at night.
abbagliante远光灯: Main beam with longer range that can dazzle oncoming traffic.
indicatore di direzione转向灯: Indicator to use before turning or changing lane.
luce di stop刹车灯: Red light that comes on when braking.
retromarcia倒车/倒挡: Reversing, or the reverse gear.
specchietto retrovisore后视镜: Mirror for looking behind; adjust it before the practical test.
airbag安全气囊: Crash cushion; does not replace the seat belt.
clacson喇叭: Horn for warning; use is restricted in built-up areas.
tachimetro速度表: Instrument showing current speed.
contachilometri里程表: Shows total distance travelled.
spia仪表指示灯: Dashboard warning light, e.g. fuel, temperature, fault.
marmitta排气管: Exhaust system reducing noise.
catalizzatore三元催化器: Reduces harmful exhaust emissions.
targa车牌: The vehicle's registration plate, kept clearly visible.

Important notice

This site is not a driving school. We do not register candidates, handle documents, or sell the official question bank. All information is for reference only; the latest official rules, fees and documents from the Italian Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport (MIT) and the Motorizzazione Civile prevail.

Rules checked on 2026-10-18. Exam format sources: ACI (27 Nov 2024) and the Portale dell'Automobilista; fees follow the 2025 public figures and may change.